Need For Speed Most Wanted Soundtrack – TI Presents the P$C – Do Ya Thang + Lyrics

Making of Thangka Paintings

Making of Thangka Paintings

Preparing the foundation

The kind of thangka under discussion here, the canvas you buy, is made of a woven material: cotton, linen, and sometimes silk. A finely woven structure, made of a single piece of fabric, is best, because paint easily chips off of thicker to rougher fabrics when the thangka is rolled up. The painted canvas is rectangular in shape, taller than it is wide, ideally measuring on the average 30inches tall by 20 inches wide (75 by 50centimeters). The same 3:2 ratio f height to width can also be found in other formats: 12 by 8 inches (30by 20cm); 48 by 32 inches (120 by 80 cm); 120 by 80 inches (300 by 200 cm) for exceptionally large specimens. These proportions generally also apply to the huge thangkas – measuring up to 180 by 130 feet (55 by 40 meters) that are hung out side the wall of the monasteries during festivals. There are also elongated thangkas that are wider than they are tall, with a size ratio of 2:3.

The edges of the canvas are folded over twice, rather than hemmed, to prevent them from unraveling. Then the canvas is fastened with thread to four laths that are firmly attached with twine to a wooden frame, and strung tightly, so that it looks like an upright trampoline.

The front and the back of the cloth are swabbed with a sizing of anima; glue consisting of boiled bones and skins, often of a water buffalo. After this layer has been applied, it is polished with a smooth stone or shell. This produces a smooth, even layer on rough or uneven cloth that will function well for sketching and painting and will keep the paint from seeping into the cloth.

Sketching

For orientation, the painter will often first lay down a grid of coordinates in the form of eight lines: two diagonal lines with a horizontal and a vertical axis drawn through their intersection, and four lines drawn parallel to the frame. Sometimes the painter will do this on the back so that the lines show through when the canvas is held up to the light the next step is a charcoal sketch. When the painter is satisfied with the result, the lines will be accentuated with ink.

There are separate drawings, of templates, available for many of the figures that are to be painted. They can be transferred to the canvas by pricking holes through them along the contours and on the most important lines and components. Powder is blown through these holes, resulting in a dotted outline on the canvas. Another technique for transferring figures uses block prints. The wood or metal blocks are painted black; the figures are colored in at later stages.

Painting

When the sketch is finished, it is time for the coloring stage. Large color area areas are often applied by brushing or writing numbers or syllables into the area in question. Black, for instant, is indicated with the number two or with the syllable Na, yellow with five or SA. When applying the colors, a particular sequence is commonly followed. First, the area furthest away in perspective, the sky, is colored. Then the closer landscape is done, followed by trees, rocks, and water. After this come the deities and other figures. The throne, clothing, and nimbus are painted first. Light colors are applied before dark colors, and then details in gold are added.

Painting is done as economically as possible in order to avoid constantly preparing or mixing paint. If the painter is using a particular color, it will be applied to all the relevant places, sometimes to several thangkas at once. Shadows are worked in toward the end. Finally, the faces are painted – the eyes last of all. As with sculptures, after the eyes have been rendered, “the opening of the eyes” is an important initiation ceremony, celebrated, incidentally, only for special thangkas. Before the 19th century, only mineral pigments and organic coloring agents were used. Even today pigments are still being produced in this way, but faster and cheaper alternatives have come along. At the beginning of the 19th century, the development of synthetic colors got underway in Europe. The motivation was finding and alternative for expensive color blue produce from lapis lazuli and ultramarine. Since 1850, synthetic pigments have been making there way to India and beyond, including Nepal and Tibet.

The colors are put in ceramic or porcelain bowls. A little binding agent is added- most often a lime made of boiled animal skins, along with a little bit of water – and it all gets heated up slowly.

Today’s thangkas are increasingly made using modern colors. Factory – made paints offer a great variety of colors and tints, the present generation of Tibetans and Newari painters are in no way averse to using them and are experimenting to their hearts content.

There are five basic colors: red, yellow, green and white. Another important color that is widely used is black.

Many of the paintings reproduced here exhibit modern color schemes. They have been done with water- based paints. Often, but not always, a layer of vegetable varnish is applied.

1. Besides polychromatic paintings, there are gold thangkas with gold background and drawings done in red, with very little or n additional color. In general, peace-loving deities and person-ages are depicted in gold thangkas. Then there are black thangkas, made with a blue black ink as a base, and a minimal amount of colors; this presentation usually consists of   wrathful deities. There are also red thangkas with a lot of gold details, depicting friendly or protective deities.

Paint is applied with brushes of various sizes. They have wooden handle that have been cut to a point on one side. Hairs are tied around the point. The hair can be from a goat, cat, or horse. In Nepal, hairs taken from the ears of water buffalos are most often used. Painters today also use imported factory- made brushes.

Framing

Once the painting is finished, the canvas is loosened from it’s stretchers and framed with textile edging. The silk or brocade trim is of an established width, so that the depth of the bottom trim is half the length of the painting, the top one fourth, and the sides are one-eighth of the length. Still, the framed thangka is not completely rectangular but splays out a little toward the bottom, and metal caps are usually slipped over the ends. If a thangka is not in use, but not rolled up either, a thin piece it from soot and smoky lamps, and to avoid the image being visually touched bye uninitiated eyes. Often the curtain will be yellow silk, with red or blue dots, or sometimes it has a flower motion on it. Over this lowered curtain two bands of red silk hang down to the very bottom. At the top between these two strips hangs a lightweight read cord with which the veil can be tied up. At the very top there is a cord by which the thangka can be hung or with it can be tied together when it is rolled up.

About the Author

Thangka Paintings

need help finding name of two movies?

a) it’s a horse movie, made around the early nineties. the main character is a 12 or 13 year old boy, and the only thing i can remember is that he asks this girl to a fair, and she asks for his earring. (?)

i dont know b) but it sounds like a) is Lassie….the boy is called matt….his family moves out of the city to a farm and they find the dog (lassie)…..he goes to the fair with a girl called april and she asks for his earring….there are a lot of horses in the movie but its mainly about the dog….im not sure if this is the one you mean but she does ask for his earring in lassie….hope this helped =)

(PS: other things that happened that you might remember if we’re talking about the same movie:
-lassie fights off a coyote to save matt…in a cave during a storm
-lassie goes down a waterfall at the end and they think she dies but she didnt
-matt gets bashed by this guy called josh that liked april (the girl matt asked to the fair)
hope i helped =) have a good day lol)

War Horse $8.76 Devon at Peace [A. Sutton]2. Only Remembered [Sankey, arr. J. Tams & H. Brough]3. Albert and Joey [A. Sutton]4. The Year Turns Round Again [J. Tams, arr. A.Sutton & T. van Eyken]5. First Gallop [A. Sutton]6. Learning to Plough [J. Tams, arr. T. van Eyken]7. Wheel of Fortune [J. Tams, arr. A.Sutton & H. Brough]8. The Scarlet and the Blue [J. Tams, arr. A.Sutton]9. Crossing the Channel [A. Sutton]10…

Sticky Fingers $6.93 ROLLING STONES THE STICKY FINGERS (REMASTERS 2009)…

Looney Tunes: Golden Collection, Vol. 6 $24.33 Genre: AnimationRating: NRRelease Date: 21-OCT-2008Media Type: DVD…

US Military Embroidered Iron on Patch – Vietnam War Collection – 1st Cavalry Horse Vietnam War Crest Applique $7.99 …

US Military Embroidered Iron on Patch – Vietnam War Collection – 1st Cavalry Horse Unit Crest Applique $6.99 …

SADIE – Matt Doyle

Bucchino by Sheera Ben-David is Extraordinary

John Hoglund, of Cabaret Scenes recently commented, “On her exceptional new album, On a Carousel, Sheera Ben-David celebrates a decade of songs from her life. Recorded live at the Metropolitan Room, with her multi-talented brother Adam Ben-David as musical director, the album is a theatrical journey of reflection that resonates with anyone who ever had a dream.”

The review suggested that starting with the lilting “I Miss the Mountains” (Kitt-Yorkey), Ben-David captures both an innocence and a wise maturity fused with a yearning for life that is palpable. With careful phrasing, she unleashes a waterfall of emotion in song that allows the listener to peek inside a centered artist who has weathered some bumps and moved on. Warm readings on “Here’s to Life” (Butler-Molinary) and Leslie Bricusse’s “When I Look in Your Eyes” are perfect samplings of one who has lived and understands the subtexts she’s singing about. She digs even deeper on John Bucchino’s “If I Ever Say I’m Over You” and “This Moment” as well as on two of Jacques Brel’s frenetic mad scenes, “Brussels” and “Carousel,” where she gets to breathe new life into these showy theatrical neo-classic war horses.

Sheera said of “If I Ever Say I’m Over You” (with Music and Lyrics by John Bucchino)

“This has been part of my repertoire and my soul for quite a while and whenever I get a chance to sing it live, I feel as though I am slipping into a warm and cozy bed. Although the song makes me feel that anguish of past loves, I am drawn to the open expression and confession of the lyrics.”

The album was named Cabaret Hotline Online’s Outstanding Female Vocalist Album. Complementing Adam Ben-David’s sublime arrangements are Mat Fieldes on bass, David Rozenblatt and Damien Bassman on drums and J.J. McGeehan on guitars.

For decades, Sheera’s mother, Batyah Godfrey, was a soloist at the Metropolitan Opera. Their father, Kerry Ben-David – who met Batyah at Juilliard – was cantor at Scarsdale Synagogue for two decades after working at the Rome Opera as a Fulbright scholar.

“When we were growing up, we spent a lot of time backstage at the Met,” recalls Sheera, “I spent a lot of time being exposed to what I consider still the finest of the finest when it comes to music. I have a deep appreciation for classical and opera and all those things.”

She also was drawn to sacred singing.

This June, the New York cabaret star gave birth to her first child, Baxter. Sheera insists that Baxter is her best performance to date, however those listening to this extraordinary CD may beg to differ when listening to this amazing young woman sing.

 At the 20th Annual Cabaret Convention held this past October at Lincoln Center in Manhattan, Sheera Ben-David received the Julie Wilson Award.  The CD, On a Carousel, is produced and arranged by Adam Ben-David, and is available at: http://www.cdbaby.com/cd/sheerabendavid2/from/tblink.

Sheera Ben-David

www.sheerabendavid.com

About the Author

Professional Marketing Firm for the Manufacturing Community and Manufacturing Journalist to most manufacturing magazines

Good rock christmas songs?

My trainer wants me to make her a cd of some good rock n roll christmas songs. Be in mind we will be riding horses to this music, so make it rock n roll.. not a song like the war is over.

Trans-Siberian Orchestra!!!!

Especially Carol of the Bells and Wizards in Winter

Hot BABE and Motorcycles Party – Part 1

Pamela Anderson

Pamela Denise Anderson (born July 1, 1967) is a Canadian-American actress, glamour model, producer, author, activist, and former showgirl, known for her roles on the television series Home Improvement, Baywatch, and V.I.P. She was chosen as a Playmate of the Month for Playboy magazine in February 1990.[1] For a time, she was known as Pamela Anderson Lee (or Pamela Lee) after marrying Mötley Crüe drummer Tommy Lee. She holds both United States and Canadian citizenship.Early life

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Anderson was born in Ladysmith, British Columbia, the daughter of Barry Anderson, a furnace repairman, and Carol, a waitress.[3] Her great-grandfather, Juho Hyytiäinen, was Finnish, a native of Saarijärvi, and left Finland in 1908,[4] changing his name to Anderson when he arrived as an immigrant. Anderson also has Russian ancestry on her mother’s side

After graduating from Highland Secondary School in 1985, Anderson moved to Vancouver and worked as a fitness instructor. During the summer of 1989, Anderson went with her friends to a BC Lions game at BC Place; during the game she was shown on the stadium screen wearing a Labatt’s t-shirt, causing the crowd to cheer for the 21-year-old Anderson. She was taken down to the field to receive an ovation from the crowd. Labatt’s had the opportunity to hire Canadian model Pamela Anderson as a Labatt’s Blue Zone Girl after she was picked out of the crowd by a TV camera man at a BC Lions football game wearing a Blue Zone crop-top. Photographer and boyfriend, Dann Ilicic, produced the Blue Zone Girl poster on his own after Labatt’s refused to have anything to do with it. Later, Labatt’s did buy 1000 posters to deal with consumer demand. In October 1989 she first appeared in Playboy as their October 1989 cover girl. At this stage in her modeling career, she had decided to live in Los Angeles to further pursue her career ambitions. She became a centerfold for Playboy when the magazine chose her to be their Playmate of the Month for their February 1990 issue. She then chose to get breast implants. Anderson has since appeared in Playboy several times in the 1990s and the following decade.
Acting and modeling

After her move to Los Angeles, she won a minor role as the original “Tool Time girl” on the hit television sitcom, Home Improvement. She left the show after two seasons and won the role of C. J. Parker on Baywatch, a role she played between 1992 and 1997. Anderson was still modeling for Outdoor Life and appearing on the cover of the magazine each year. In 1992 Pam appeared in a music video “Can’t Have Your Cake” by Vince Neal to promote his first solo album “Exposed” in which Steve Stevens played all guitars for the recording of that project.

In 1996, she acted in the film Barb Wire playing Barbara Rose Kopetski, which was thought by some to be Anderson’s real name. The movie, a thinly veiled futuristic remake of Casablanca, was not a commercial success. In April 1997, she guest-hosted Saturday Night Live. She also appeared on one of two covers for the September issue of Playboy.

In September 1998, Anderson starred as Vallery Irons in the Sony Pictures Entertainment hit syndicated show V.I.P. created by J. F. Lawton.[6] Blending action and humor in a fast-paced adventure series, with Anderson often poking fun at her tabloid image,[7] the show explored the exciting and sometimes treacherous lives of the rich and famous.[8] The series lasted through a successful four year run.[9]

In 1999, she appeared as a giantess in the music video for “Miserable” by California alternative rock band Lit.

Her role as C.J. Parker gave her more popularity and gained her attention from international viewers. She returned to Baywatch for the 2003 reunion movie, Baywatch: Hawaiian Wedding. She also appeared on The Nanny as Fran’s rival, Heather Biblow.
Anderson aboard USS Ronald Reagan, (2004)

In early 2004, Anderson returned to the spotlight. In May, she appeared naked on the cover of Playboy magazine. It was the first time she had appeared naked on any magazine cover. Later, she posed naked for Stuff and GQ magazines.

Anderson became a naturalized citizen of the United States on May 12, 2004, while retaining her Canadian citizenship. She has lived in Southern California since 1989.

In 2004, she released the book Star, co-written by Eric Shaw Quinn, about a teenager trying to become famous. After this, she began touring the United States, signing autographs for fans at Wal-Mart stores nationwide. Her second book, the sequel Star Struck, released in 2005, is a thinly veiled look at her life with Tommy Lee and the trials of celebrity life.

In April 2005, Anderson starred in a new Fox sitcom Stacked as Skyler Dayton, a party girl who goes to work at a bookstore. It was canceled on May 18, 2006, after two seasons, although some episodes had not been aired. On August 14, 2005, Comedy Central created the Roast of Pamela Anderson to honor the sex symbol for the past decade. During her final speech at the Roast, Anderson referred to her breasts as “Pancho and Lefty”.

In December 2005, NBC cut off a video of Anderson pole dancing topless on Elton John’s “The Red Piano.” NBC said that the footage was inappropriate for primetime. The video was shown on huge screens during the event, while John played “The Bitch is Back”.

In March 2006, it was announced that Anderson would receive a star on Canada’s Walk of Fame thanks to her many years as a model and actress. She is only the second model to receive a star. In April 2006, Anderson hosted Canada’s Juno Awards, becoming the first non-singer and model to do so.

Anderson was repeatedly referenced in the 2006 mockumentary Borat: Cultural Learnings of America for Make Benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan as the title character seeks to kidnap and marry her. Anderson appears in person at the end of the film confronted by Borat in a staged botched abduction.[10]

She performed on February 13–14, 2008 in a Valentine’s Day striptease act at the Crazy Horse cabaret in Paris.[11]

On July 9, 2008, Anderson entered the Australian Big Brother house for a three-day visit.[12] Her appearance on this show also marked Anderson’s foray into reality television with a series of her own, Pam: Girl on the Loose, which debuted on August 3, 2008 on E! in the United States.

In December 2009, Anderson guest-starred as Genie of the Lamp in the pantomime Aladdin at the New Wimbledon Theatre in Wimbledon, south-west London, England.[13][14] Anderson took over the role from comedienne Ruby Wax, with former EastEnders actress Anita Dobson and comedian Paul O’Grady also booked for the role.[15] In the spring of 2010, Anderson appeared as one of the contestants on Dancing with the Stars.
[edit] Personal life

In addition to her fame from modeling and acting, Anderson has received a great deal of press attention for her well-publicized personal life. Her relationships have made headlines in gossip magazines for years. Anderson married Tommy Lee, drummer of Mötley Crüe, on February 19, 1995 after knowing him for only 96 hours and the couple eventually had two sons, Brandon Thomas Lee (b. June 6, 1996) and Dylan Jagger Lee (b. December 29, 1997) named after Pamela’s great grandfather Dale Jagger Grosco who fought in World War II. During this time, she was known professionally as Pamela Anderson Lee. Anderson filed for divorce from Lee twice and reconciled with him twice, before the couple finally broke up for good. In March 2002, Anderson publicly stated that she had contracted the Hepatitis C virus from Lee (supposedly from sharing tattoo needles), and began writing a regular column for Jane magazine. In October 2003, Anderson jokingly said on Howard Stern’s radio show that she does not expect to live more than ten or fifteen years,[16] but this was misconstrued and taken seriously by many Web sites and tabloids. However, she admitted to newspapers that she still often had sex with him since their divorce.[17]

A home sex video of Anderson and Tommy Lee on their honeymoon was stolen from their home, and made a huge stir on the Internet. Anderson sued the video distribution company Internet Entertainment Group. Ultimately, the courts awarded Anderson and Lee $1.5 million plus attorney fees for their share of the profits. Thereafter, the company sold copies of the stolen honeymoon tape across the country. It was very popular.[18]

A second tape, which was made before the Tommy Lee tape, involving Anderson and musician Bret Michaels from Poison was later announced, and an abridged version of less than 60 seconds appeared on the internet. Frames of the video first appeared in Penthouse magazine in March 1998. The tape was successfully blocked by Michaels, but a four-minute sex tape is still available on the Internet.

Anderson and Kid Rock in 2003

pamela anderson wallpaper

Since her divorce, she was engaged to the model Marcus Schenkenberg and to the singer Kid Rock (Robert J. Ritchie). She broke up with Schenkenberg in 2001 and with Kid Rock in 2003. It was announced on July 18, 2006 that she would marry Kid Rock on July 29, 2006 on a yacht near St Tropez, France. “Feels like I’ve been stuck in a time warp,” said Anderson in her blog entry. “Not able to let go of MY family picture … it’s been sad and lonely and frustrating … I’ve raised my kids alone in hope of a miracle. Well my miracle came and went. And came back and back because he knew that I’d wake up one day and realize that I was waiting for nothing.” “I’m moving on,” she declared. “I feel like I’m finally free … I’m in love.” There was extensive unconfirmed media speculation that the marriage was pregnancy-related, but the theory was based only on Anderson’s representative’s refusal to comment on the question.[19]

On November 10, 2006, it was announced that Anderson miscarried while in Vancouver shooting a new film, Blonde and Blonder.[20] Seventeen days later, on November 27, 2006, Anderson filed for divorce in Los Angeles County Superior Court from Kid Rock, citing irreconcilable differences.[21] Some news reports have suggested that Kid Rock’s outrage during a screening of Borat, in which she plays a cameo role, led to the filing for divorce two weeks later.[22]

Anderson told talk show host Ellen DeGeneres in September 2007 that she was engaged. On September 29, Anderson and Paris Hilton’s ex Rick Salomon applied for a marriage license in Las Vegas.[23] Anderson married Salomon between her two nightly appearances at the Planet Hollywood Hotel & Casino in Hans Klok’s magic show in a small wedding ceremony at The Mirage on October 6, 2007.[24] However, on February 22, 2008, Anderson requested through the courts that the marriage be annulled citing fraud.

Pamela-Anderson wallpapers

Charitable work and activism
Anderson promoting vegetarianism

Anderson is a vegetarian, an advocate for animal rights, and an active member of the animal protection organization People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), taking part in several campaigns for animal rights.[26] She became a vegetarian in her early teens when she saw her father cleaning an animal he had hunted.[27]

One of Anderson’s campaigns as a member of PETA has been against the use of fur. In 1999, Anderson received the first Linda McCartney Memorial Award for animal rights protectors, in recognition of her campaign. In 2003, Anderson stripped down for PETA’s “I’d Rather Go Naked Than Wear Fur” advertising campaign. On June 28, 2006, Anderson posed naked with other protesters on a window display of the Stella McCartney boutique in London, England. It was a PETA gala event before the PETA Humanitarian Awards. Anderson went inside the boutique and said she would take her clothes off if the event raised enough money for PETA, which it did.

She has also campaigned against Kentucky Fried Chicken. In 2001, Anderson released a letter in support of PETA’s campaign against Kentucky Fried Chicken, stating “What KFC does to 750 million chickens each year is not civilized or acceptable.” She later made a video about KFC’s treatment of chickens.[28] In January 2006, Anderson requested that the Governor of Kentucky remove a bust of Colonel Sanders, the founder of KFC, from display but her request was refused even when she offered her own bust in exchange. In February 2006, Anderson decided to boycott the Kentucky Derby because of its support for Kentucky Fried Chicken.

She has also campaigned against seal hunting in Canada. In March 2006, Anderson asked to speak to Prime Minister Stephen Harper about the annual seal hunt but she was refused. In May 2006, she petitioned random individuals on the street for their opinion on the Canadian Seal Hunt. In December, 2009, Anderson, photographed in a t-shirt with a drawn picture of a seal pup on it, was featured in a new ad campaign for PETA. She appears next to the headline “Save the Seals” in the ad and urges the public to help end “Canada’s annual seal slaughter.”[29]

Anderson joined forces with PETA in a campaign for the boycott of fruit-juice maker POM. The “Pom Horrible Campaign”[30] has resulted in the company halting animal tests.

In March 2005, Anderson became a spokesmodel for MAC Cosmetics’s MAC AIDS Fund, which helped people affected by AIDS and HIV. After becoming the official spokesmodel, Anderson raised money during events in Toronto, Tokyo, Dublin, and Athens.

Anderson became the celebrity spokesperson for the American Liver Foundation, and served as the Grand Marshal of the SOS motorcycle ride fundraiser.

She wrote an open letter to President Barack Obama urging the legalization of cannabis.[31]

Anderson became the center of controversy when she posed in a bikini nearly nude for a PETA ad that was banned in Canada because they said the ad was sexist. Anderson retorted saying, “In a city that is known for its exotic dancing and for being progressive and edgy, how sad that a woman would be banned from using her own body in a political protest over the suffering of cows and chickens. In some parts of the world, women are forced to cover their whole bodies with burqas — is that next? I didn’t think that Canada would be so puritanical.”

About the Author

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Horse Property,Agricultural – Golden, CO

Buffalo Bill

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffalo_Bill)

Children

Four children, two of whom died young: Kit died of scarlet fever in April, 1876, and his daughter Orra died in 1880

William Frederick “Buffalo Bill” Cody (February 26, 1846 January 10, 1917) was an American soldier, bison hunter and showman. He was born in the Iowa Territory (now the American state of Iowa), near Le Claire. He was one of the most colorful figures of the American Old West, and mostly famous for the shows he organized with cowboy themes. Buffalo Bill received the Medal of Honor in 1872.

Contents

1 Nickname and work life

2 Early years

3 Military service

3.1 Medal of Honor

4 Buffalo Bill’s Wild West

4.1 Irrigation

5 Life in Cody, Wyoming

6 Life in Staten Island, New York

7 Death

8 Legacy

9 In film and television

10 The false Italian pedigree

11 Buffalo Bill’s / defunct

12 Other Buffalo Bills

13 See also

14 References

15 Further reading

16 External links

//

Nickname and work life

William Frederick Cody (“Buffalo Bill”) got his nickname after he undertook a contract to supply Kansas Pacific Railroad workers with buffalo meat. The nickname originally referred to Bill Comstock. Cody earned the nickname by killing 4,860 American Bison (commonly known as buffalo) in eight months (186768). He and Comstock eventually competed in a shooting match over the exclusive right to use the name, which Cody won.

In addition to his documented service as a soldier during the Civil War and as Chief of Scouts for the Third Cavalry during the Plains Wars, Cody claimed to have worked many jobs, including as a trapper, bullwhacker, “Fifty-Niner” in Colorado, a Pony Express rider in 1860, wagonmaster, stagecoach driver, and even a hotel manager, but it’s unclear which claims were factual and which were fabricated for purposes of publicity. He became world famous for his Wild West Shows.

Early years

William Cody at age 19

While giving an anti-slavery speech at the local trading post, his father so inflamed the supporters of slavery in the audience that they formed a mob and one of them stabbed him. Cody helped to drag his father to safety, although he never fully recovered from his injuries. The family was constantly persecuted by the supporters of slavery, forcing Isaac Cody to spend much of his time away from home. His enemies learned of a planned visit to his family and plotted to kill him on the way. Cody, despite his youth and the fact that he was ill, rode 30 miles (48 km) to warn his father. Cody’s father died in 1857 from complications from his stabbing.

After his father’s death, the Cody family suffered financial difficulties, and Cody, aged 11, took a job with a freight carrier as a “boy extra,” riding up and down the length of a wagon train, delivering messages. From here, he joined Johnston’s Army as an unofficial member of the scouts assigned to guide the Army to Utah to put down a falsely-reported rebellion by the Mormon population of Salt Lake City. According to Cody’s account in Buffalo Bill’s Own Story, the Utah War was where he first began his career as an “Indian fighter”.

Presently the moon rose, dead ahead of me; and painted boldly across its face was the figure of an Indian. He wore this war-bonnet of the Sioux, at his shoulder was a rifle pointed at someone in the river-bottom 30 feet (9 m) below; in another second he would drop one of my friends. I raised my old muzzle-loader and fired. The figure collapsed, tumbled down the bank and landed with a splash in the water. ‘What is it?’ called McCarthy, as he hurried back. ‘It’s over there in the water,’. ‘Hi!’ he cried. ‘Little Billy’s killed an Indian all by himself!’ So began my career as an Indian fighter.

At the age of 14, Cody was struck by gold fever, but on his way to the gold fields, he met an agent for the Pony Express. He signed with them and after building several way stations and corrals was given a job as a rider, which he kept until he was called home to his sick mother’s bedside.

Military service

circa 1875

After his mother recovered Cody wished to enlist as a soldier, but was refused for his age. He began working with a United States freight caravan which delivered supplies to Fort Laramie. In 1863 he enlisted as a teamster with the rank of Private in Company H, 7th Kansas Cavalry and served until discharged in 1865.

From 1868 until 1872 Cody was employed as a scout by the United States Army. Part of this time he spent scouting for Indians, and the remainder was spent gathering and killing bison for them and the Kansas Pacific Railroad. In January 1872 Cody was a scout for Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia’s highly publicized royal hunt.

Medal of Honor

Cody received a Medal of Honor in 1872 for “gallantry in action” while serving as a civilian scout for the 3rd Cavalry Regiment. In 1917, the U.S.Congressfter revising the standards for award of the medalevoked 911 medals previously awarded either to civilians, or for actions that would not warrant a Medal of Honor under the new higher standards. After Dr. Mary Edwards Walker’s medal was restored in 1977, other reviews began that led to Cody’s medallong with those given to four other civilian scoutseing re-instated on June 12, 1989.

Buffalo Bill’s Wild West

The Wild West Show, 1890

In December 1872 Cody traveled to Chicago to make his stage debut with friend Texas Jack Omohundro in The Scouts of the Prairie, one of the original Wild West shows produced by Ned Buntline. During the 1873-74 season, Cody and Omohundro invited their friend James Butler “Wild Bill” Hickok to join them in a new play called Scouts of the Plains.

The troupe toured for ten years and his part typically included an 1876 incident at the Warbonnet Creek where he claimed to have scalped a Cheyenne warrior, purportedly in revenge for the death of George Armstrong Custer.

It was the age of great showmen and traveling entertainers. Cody put together a new traveling show based on both of those forms of entertainment. In 1883 in the area of North Platte, Nebraska he founded “Buffalo Bill’s Wild West,” (despite popular misconception, the word “show” was not a part of the title) a circus-like attraction that toured annually.

In 1893 the title was changed to “Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World”. The show began with a parade on horseback, with participants from horse-culture groups that included US and other military, American Indians, and performers from all over the world in their best attire. There were Turks, Gauchos, Arabs, Mongols and Georgians, among others, each showing their own distinctive horses and colorful costumes. Visitors to this spectacle could see main events, feats of skill, staged races, and sideshows. Many authentic western personalities were part of the show. For example Sitting Bull and a band of twenty braves appeared. Cody’s headline performers were well known in their own right. People like Annie Oakley and her husband Frank Butler put on shooting exhibitions along with the likes of Gabriel Dumont. Buffalo Bill and his performers would re-enact the riding of the Pony Express, Indian attacks on wagon trains, and stagecoach robberies. The show typically ended with a melodramatic re-enactment of Custer’s Last Stand in which Cody himself portrayed General Custer.

Sitting Bull and Buffalo Bill, Montreal, QC, 1885

The profits from his show enabled him to purchase a 4,000-acre (16 km2) ranch near North Platte, Nebraska in 1886. Scout’s Rest Ranch included an eighteen-room mansion and a large barn for winter storage of the show’s livestock.

In 1887 he took the show to Britain in celebration of the Jubilee year of Queen Victoria. The show was staged in London before going on to Birmingham and then Salford near Manchester, where it stayed for five months. In 1889 the show toured Europe. In 1890 he met Pope Leo XIII. He set up an exhibition near the Chicago World’s Fair of 1893, which greatly contributed to his popularity, and also vexed the promoters of the fair. As noted in The Devil in the White City, he had been rebuffed in his request to be part of the fair, so he set up shop just to the west of the fairgrounds, drawing many of their patrons away. Since his show was not part of the fair, he was not obligated to pay the promoters any royalties, which they could have used to temper their financial problems.

Irrigation

Larry McMurtry, along with some historians such as RL Wilson, asserts that at the turn of the 20th century Buffalo Bill Cody was the most recognizable celebrity on earth. And yet, despite all of the recognition and appreciation Cody’s show brought for the Western and American Indian cultures, Buffalo Bill saw the American West change dramatically during his tumultuous life. Bison herds, which had once numbered in the millions, were now threatened with extinction. Railroads crossed the plains, barbed wire, and other types of fences divided the land for farmers and ranchers, and the once-threatening Indian tribes were now almost completely confined to reservations. Wyoming’s resources of coal, oil and natural gas were beginning to be exploited towards the end of his life.

Even the Shoshone River was dammed for hydroelectric power as well as for irrigation. In 1897 and 1899 Cody and his associates acquired from the State of Wyoming the right to take water from the Shoshone River to irrigate about 169,000 acres (680 km2) of land in the Big Horn Basin. They began developing a canal to carry water diverted from the river, but their plans did not include a water storage reservoir. Cody and his associates were unable to raise sufficient capital to complete their plan. Early in 1903 they joined with the Wyoming Board of Land Commissioners in urging the federal government to step in and help with irrigation development in the valley.

The Shoshone Project became one of the first federal water development projects undertaken by the newly formed Reclamation Service, later to become known as the Bureau of Reclamation. After Reclamation took over the project in 1903, investigating engineers recommended constructing a dam on the Shoshone River in the canyon west of Cody.

Construction of the Shoshone Dam started in 1905, a year after the Shoshone Project was authorized. Almost three decades after its construction, the name of the dam and reservoir was changed to Buffalo Bill Dam by an act of Congress to honor Cody.

Life in Cody, Wyoming

In 1895, William Cody was instrumental in the founding of Cody, the seat of Park County in northwestern Wyoming. The site where the community was established is now the Old Trail Town museum, which honors the traditions of Western life. Cody first passed through the region in the 1870s. He was so impressed by the development possibilities from irrigation, rich soil, grand scenery, hunting, and proximity to Yellowstone Park that he returned in the mid-1890s to start a town. He brought with him men whose names are still on street signs in Cody downtown area Beck, Alger, Rumsey, Bleistein and Salsbury. The town was incorporated in 1901.

In November 1902, Cody opened the Irma Hotel in downtown Cody, a hotel named after his daughter. He envisioned a growing number of tourists coming to the town via the recently opened Burlington rail line. He expected that they would spend money at local business including the Irma Hotel. Cody also expected that they would proceed up the Cody Road along the North Fork of the Shoshone River to visit Yellowstone Park. To accommodate travelers along the Cody Road, Cody completed construction of the Wapiti Inn and Pahaska Tepee in 1905 and opened both to guests.

Cody also established the TE Ranch, which was located on the South Fork of the Shoshone River about thirty-five miles from Cody. When he acquired the TE property, he ordered the movement of Nebraska and South Dakota cattle to Wyoming. This new herd carried the TE brand. The late 1890s were relatively prosperous years for Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and he used some of the profits to accumulate lands which were added to the TE holdings. Eventually Cody held around eight thousand acres (32 km) of private land for grazing operations and ran about a thousand head of cattle. He also operated a dude ranch, pack horse camping trips, and big game hunting business at and from the TE Ranch, on the South fork of the Shoshone River. In his spacious and comfortable ranch house he entertained notable guests from Europe and America.

Life in Staten Island, New York

Cody brought his “Wild West Show” to an area of Mariners Harbor called Erastina (named for Staten Island promoter Erastus Wiman) for two seasons from June to October in 1886 and again in 1887. During the winter of 1886, the show moved indoors to Madison Square Garden. His show, featuring Native Americans, trick riders, “the smallest cowboy” and sharpshooters (including Annie Oakley) is said to have drawn millions of visitors to the island.

His 1879 autobiography is titled The Life and Adventures of Buffalo Bill

Death

Buffalo Bill’s grave on Lookout Mountain in Colorado.

William F. Cody died of kidney failure on January 10, 1917, surrounded by family and friends at his sister’s house in Denver. Cody was baptized into the Roman Catholic Church the day before his death by Father Christopher Walsh of the Denver Cathedral. Upon the news of Cody’s death, he received tributes from King George V of the United Kingdom, Kaiser Wilhelm II of Imperial Germany, and President Woodrow Wilson. His funeral was in Denver at the Elks Lodge Hall. Wyoming Governor John B. Kendrick, a friend of Cody’s, led the funeral procession to the Elks Lodge.

Contrary to popular belief, Cody was not destitute, but his once great fortune had dwindled to under $100,000. Despite his request in an early will to be buried in Cody, Wyoming, a later will left his burial arrangements up to his wife Louisa. To this day, there is controversy as to where Cody should have been buried. According to the writer Larry McMurtry, Harry Tammen and Frederick Gilmer Bonfils of the Denver Post, who had strong-armed Cody into appearing in their Sells-Floto Circus, either “bullied or bamboozled the grieving Louisa” and had Cody buried in Colorado. This is consistent with an account by Gene Fowler, who wrote Cody’s obituary for the Post under direction from Tammen and Bonfils.

On June 3, 1917, Cody was buried on Colorado’s Lookout Mountain in Golden, Colorado, west of the city of Denver, on the edge of the Rocky Mountains, overlooking the Great Plains. His exact burial site was selected by his sister, Mrs. Mary Decker, while looking over the area accompanied by W.F.R. Mills, manager of the Denver Mountain Parks. In 1948 the Cody branch of the American Legion offered a reward for the ‘return’ of the body, so the Denver branch mounted a guard over the grave until a deeper shaft could be blasted into the rock.

Legacy

Buffalo Bill Cody in 1903

In contrast to his image and stereotype as a rough-hewn outdoorsman, Buffalo Bill pushed for the rights of American Indians and women. In addition, despite his history of killing bison, he supported their conservation by speaking out against hide-hunting and pushing for a hunting season.

Buffalo Bill became so well known and his exploits so well entrenched in American culture that his character has appeared in many literary works, as well as television shows and movies, and on two U.S. postage stamps. Westerns were very popular in the 1950s and 60s, and Buffalo Bill would make an appearance in many of them. As a character, he is in the very popular Broadway musical Annie Get Your Gun, which was very successful both with Ethel Merman and more recently with Bernadette Peters in the lead role.

Having been a frontier scout who respected the natives, he was a staunch supporter of their rights. He employed many more natives than just Sitting Bull, feeling his show offered them a better life, calling them “the former foe, present friend, the American”, and once said,

“Every Indian outbreak that I have ever known has resulted from broken promises and broken treaties by the government”.

While in his shows the Indians were usually the “bad guys”, attacking stagecoaches and wagon trains in order to be driven off by “heroic” cowboys and soldiers, Bill also had the wives and children of his Indian performers set up camp as they would in the homelands as part of the show, so that the paying public could see the human side of the “fierce warriors”, that they were families like any other, just part of a different culture.

The city of Cody, Wyoming was founded in 1896 by Cody and some investors, and is named for him. It is the home of the Buffalo Bill Historical Center. Fifty miles from Yellowstone National Park, it became a tourist magnet with many dignitaries and political leaders coming to hunt. Bill did indeed spend a great amount of time in Wyoming at his home in Cody. However, he also had a house in the town of North Platte, Nebraska and later built the Scout’s Rest Ranch there where he came to be with his family between shows. This western Nebraska town is still home to “Nebraskaland Days,” an annual festival including concerts and a large rodeo. The Scout’s Rest Ranch in North Platte is both a museum, and a tourist destination for thousands of people every year.

Buffalo Bill became a hero of the Bills, a Congolese youth subculture of the late 1950s who idolized Western movies.

The nickname of the K.A.A. Gent football club in Ghent, Belgium is De Buffalo’s (The Buffalos), which was adopted after the Wild West Show visited the area in the early 1900s.

In film and television

On television, his character has appeared on shows such as Bat Masterson and even Bonanza. His persona has been portrayed as anything from an elder statesman to a flamboyant, self-serving exhibitionist. Buffalo Bill has been portrayed in the movies and on television by: bill the buffalo

Himself (1898 and 1912)

George Waggner (1924)

John Fox, Jr. (1924)

Jack Hoxie (1926)

Roy Stewart (1926)

William Fairbanks (1928)

Tom Tyler (1931)

Douglass Dumbrille (1933)

Earl Dwire (1935)

Moroni Olsen (1935)

Ted Adams (1936)

James Ellison (1936)

Carlyle Moore (1938)

Jack Rutherford (1938)

George Reeves (1940)

Roy Rogers (1940)

Joel McCrea (1944)

Richard Arlen (1947)

Enzo Fiermonte (1949)

Monte Hale (1949)

Louis Calhern (1950)

Tex Cooper (1951)

Clayton Moore (1952)

Rodd Redwing (1952)

Charlton Heston (1953)

William O’Neal (1957)

Malcolm Atterbury (1958)

James McMullan (1963)

Gordon Scott (1964)

Guy Stockwell (1966)

Rufus Smith (1967)

Matt Clark (1974)

Michel Piccoli (1974)

Paul Newman (1976)

Buff Brady (1979)

R. L. Tolbert (1979)

Ted Flicker (1981)

Robert Donner (1983)

Ken Kercheval (1984)

Jeffrey Jones (1987)

Stephen Baldwin (1989)

Brian Keith (1993)

Dennis Weaver (1994)

Keith Carradine (1995)

Peter Coyote (1995)

J. K. Simmons (2004)

Frank Conniff (2005)

Cameron Klinger (2008)

Nicholas Campbell (2009)

William Cody’s statue at the Buffalo Bill Historical Center in Cody, Wyoming.

The false Italian pedigree

Italy was among many countries where stories recounting various adventures attributed to Buffalo Bill were highly popular. In the 1930s and 1940s, the Nerbini Publishing House of Florence monthly published such brochures, sold at 60 centesimi each.

In 1942, when Fascist Italy found itself at war with the United States, the publisher added a note purporting to reveal that Buffalo Bill had actually been an Italian immigrant named Domenico Tombini, originally from Romagna, Mussolini’s own native province – a pedigree for which no shred of historical evidence exists. In this way, the adventures could continue publication in wartime Italy, under the title “Buffalo Bill, the Italian Hero of the Plains”.

Buffalo Bill’s / defunct

A free verse poem on mortality by E E Cummings uses Buffalo Bill as an image of life and vibrancy. The poem is generally untitled, and commonly known by its first two lines: “Buffalo Bill’s / defunct”, however some books such as Poetry edited by J. Hunter uses the name “portrait”. The poem uses expressive phrases to describe Buffalo Bill’s showmanship, referring to his “watersmooth-silver / stallion”, and using a staccato beat to describe his rapid shooting of a series of clay pigeons. The poem which featured this character caused great controversy. The fusion of words such as “onetwothreefourfive” interprets the impression which Buffalo Bill left on his audiences.

Other Buffalo Bills

Buffalo Bill is also the name of a musician/producer/M.C. from the group Mechanics of Sound. Buffalo Bill is most known for his work with Melodic Undertone Production Group and his help in the underground hiphop movement of San Antonio.

Buffalo Bill was the first song written by Australian country music singer Sara Storer. Living in Camooweal, north of Mount Isa, she met a retired water buffalo shooter whose stories inspired her to write Buffalo Bill, her first song. Buffalo Bill won a Golden Guitar at the Tamworth Country Music Festival in 2001 for New Talent of the Year and appears on her first album, Chasing Buffalos.

Buffalo Bill is also the name of a fictional character from Thomas Harris’s The Silence of the Lambs, who was also parodied in the movie Joe Dirt under the name Buffalo Bob.

Two television series, Buffalo Bill, Jr. (19556) starring Dickie Jones and Buffalo Bill (19834) starring Dabney Coleman, had nothing to do with the historic person.

The Buffalo Bills, an NFL team based in Buffalo, New York, were named after Buffalo Bill. Prior to that team’s existence, other early football teams (such as Buffalo Bills (AAFC)) used the nickname, solely due to name recognition, as Bill Cody had no special connection with the city.

The Buffalo Bills are a barbershop-quartet singing group consisting of Vern Reed, Al Shea, Bill Spangenberg, and Wayne Ward. They appeared in the original Broadway cast of The Music Man (opened 1957) and in the 1962 motion-picture version of that play.

Buffalo Bill is the title of a song by the jam band Phish.

Buffalo Bill is the name of a bluegrass band in Wisconsin.

Samuel Cowdery, buffalo hunter, “wild west” showman and aviation pioneer changed his surname to “Cody” and was often taken for the original “Buffalo Bill” in his touring show Captain Cody King of the Cowboys.

William Wilson “Buffalo Bill” Quinn: Retired Lieutenant General and Silver Star recipient. He served in World War II as a colonel and became a full colonel in Korea; and at the end of Korea became a Brigadier General.

Bungalow Bill is the title of a song by the Beatles that indirectly refers to Buffalo Bill.

Buffalo Bill is the title of a song by American rapper Eminem

See also

United States Army portal

American Civil War portal

List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Indian Wars

Ned Buntline: Contemporary of Buffalo Bill and author of successful dime novel series “Buffalo Bill Cody – King of the Border Men”

William “Doc” Carver

References

^ a b Herring, Hal (2008). Famous Firearms of the Old West: From Wild Bill Hickok’s Colt Revolvers to Geronimo’s Winchester, Twelve Guns That Shaped Our History. TwoDot. pp. 224. ISBN 0762745088. 

^ a b c Cody, Col. William F: “The Adventures of Buffalo Bill Cody”, 1st ed. page viii. New York and London: Harper & Brother, 1904

^ a b c d e f g h i j Wilson, R.L. (1998). Buffalo Bill’s Wild West: An American Legend. Random House. pp. 316. ISBN 978-0375501067. 

^ a b c Carter, Robert A. (2002). Buffalo Bill Cody: The Man Behind the Legend. Wiley. pp. 512. ISBN 978-0471077800. 

^ Miles from Nowhere: Tales from America’s Contemporary Frontier, Dayton Duncan, U of Nebraska Press, 2000 ISBN 0803266278, 9780803266278

^ Polanski, Charles (2006). “The Medal’s History”. Congressional Medal of Honor Society. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070928073912/http://www.cmohs.com/medal/medal_history.htm. 

^ Sterner, C. Douglas (19992009). “Restoration of 6 Awards Previously Purged From The Roll Of Honor”. HomeOfHeroes.com. http://www.homeofheroes.com/moh/corrections/restorations.html. 

^ Performing the American Frontier, 1870-1906, Roger A. Hall, Cambridge University Press, 2001, p.54, ISBN 0521793203, 9780521793209

^ The life of Hon. William F. Cody, known as Buffalo Bill, the famous hunter, scout and guide. An autobiography, F. E. BLISS. HARTFORD, CONN, 1879, p329

^ Retrieved on 2008-06-07

^ Retrieved on 2008-06-07

^ Could Building Site be burial ground of the lost warrior from Buffalo Bill’s show? Retrieved on 2008-04-25

^ Kensel, W. Hudson. Pahaska Tepee, Buffalo Bill’s Old Hunting Lodge and Hotel, A History, 1901-1946. Buffalo Bill Historical Center, 1987.

^ Staten Island on the Web: Famous Staten Islanders

^ a b Lloyd, J & Mitchinson, J: “The Book of General Ignorance”. Faber & Faber, 2006.

^ Larry McMurtry: “Sacagawea’s Nickname”. New York Review of Books, 2001.

^ Colorado Transcript, May 17, 1917.

^ The false Italian pedigree of Buffalo Bill is one of the many items unearthed by Umberto Eco during his extensive research into the pulp literature and popular culture of Fascist Italy, undertaken for writing “The Mysterious Flame of Queen Loana”

Further reading

Buffalo Bill Days (June 2224, 2007). A 20-page special section of The Sheridan Press, published in June 2007 by Sheridan Newspapers, Inc., 144 Grinnell Avenue, Post Office Box 2006, Sheridan, Wyoming, 82801, USA. (Includes extensive information about Buffalo Bill, as well as the schedule of the annual three-day event held in Sheridan, Wyoming.)

Story of the Wild West and Camp-Fire Chats by Buffalo Bill (Hon. W.F. Cody.) “A Full and Complete History of the Renowned Pioneer Quartette, Boone, Crockett, Carson and Buffalo Bill.”, c1888 by HS Smith, published 1889 by Standard Publishing Co., Philadelphia, PA.

The life of Hon. William F. Cody, known as Buffalo Bill, the famous hunter, scout and guide. An autobiography, F. E. Bliss. Hartford, Conn, 1879 Digitized from the Library of Congress.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Buffalo Bill

buffalobill.org

Works by Buffalo Bill at Project Gutenberg

Buffalo Bill Historical Center

The Scottish National Buffalo Bill Archive

Advert and press report about Buffalo Bill’s Wild West in Horsham, West Sussex, June 15, 1904

http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/wwquinn.htm

v  d  e

American Old West

Towns

Arizona

Phoenix  Tombstone  Tucson  Yuma

California

Bakersfield  Fresno  San Francisco  Los Angeles  San Diego  Jamestown 

New Mexico

Alamogordo  Albuquerque  Cimarron  Gallup  Lincoln  Mogollon  Roswell  Santa Fe  Tucumcari

Oklahoma

Broken Arrow  Oklahoma City  Tulsa

South Dakota

Deadwood  Pine Ridge

Texas

Abilene  El Paso  San Antonio

Others

Carson City  Denver  Dodge City  Hot Springs  Independence  Omaha  Portland  Salt Lake City  Seattle  Virginia City

Prominent Figures

Wild West outlaws  Wild West lawmen  Cowboys and Cowgirls  Wild Bill Hickok  Elfego Baca  Butch Cassidy  Mangas Coloradas  Calamity Jane  Victorio  Billy the Kid  Chiricahua  Wyatt Earp  Virgil Earp  Doc Holliday  Bat Masterson  Jesse James and the James-Younger Gang  Liver-Eating Johnson  Annie Oakley  Buffalo Bill  Kit Carson  Sitting Bull  James C. Cooney  Goyaa (Geronimo)  Tom Ketchum  Cochise  Sundance Kid  Crazy Horse  Touch the Clouds  Red Cloud  Soapy Smith  Wild Bunch  Black Bart  Take Witk (Crazy Horse)  Joaquin Murrieta  Massai 

Transport & trails

First Transcontinental Railroad  Mormon Trail  Oregon Trail  Pony Express  Great Platte River Road  Great Western Cattle Trail

Native Americans

Apache scouts  Battle of the Little Bighorn  Battle of Washita River  Wounded Knee Massacre  Long Walk of the Navajo  Scalping

Lore

Alma Massacre  Gunfight at the O.K. Corral  Chisholm Trail  Battle of Tularosa  Dead man’s hand  Boot Hill  Western saloon  Wild West Shows  Frisco Shootout  Lincoln County War  One-room schoolhouse

American Folklore

Pecos Bill 

Gold Rush

California Gold Rush 

v  d  e

American folklore and tall tales

General

Historical figures

Johnny Appleseed   Andrew Jackson  Abraham Lincoln   Billy the Kid   Blackbeard   Buffalo Bill  Balto  Daniel Boone   Jim Bowie   Kit Carson   Davy Crockett   Leif Ericson   Madoc  Mike Fink  Wild Bill Hickok   Jesse James   Calamity Jane  Casey Jones   Geronimo   Hiawatha   Captain Kidd  Jean Lafitte   Annie Oakley   Pocahontas  Chief Powhatan  Juan Ponce de Len  John Smith (explorer)   George Washington   Soapy Smith  Devil Anse Hatfield  Randolph McCoy  Robert E. Lee  Molly Pitcher  Wyatt Earp  Doc Holiday  John Rolfe  Jos Gaspar  Ulysses S. Grant  Sacagawea  Meriwether Lewis  William Clark (explorer)  Squanto  Myles Standish  Peter Stuyvesant  Jedediah Smith  John Colter  Sitting Bull  George Armstrong Custer  Theodore Roosevelt  Charles Bolles  Jim Bridger  Roy Bean 

Legendary figures

Alfred Bulltop Stormalong  Mighty Casey  Evangeline  Febold Feboldson  Ichabod Crane  John Henry  Mose Humphrey  Ole Pete  Paul Bunyan and Babe the Blue Ox  Pecos Bill  Joe Magarac  Johnny Kaw   Rip Van Winkle  Uncle Sam  Ola Vrmlnning  Feathertop  Br’er Rabbit  Br’er Fox  Br’er Bear  Uncle Remus 

Fearsome critters

Argopelter  Axehandle hound  Ball-tailed cat  Cactus cat  Fur-bearing trout  Glawackus  Hidebehind  Hodag  Hoop snake  Jackalope  Jersey Devil  Joint snake  Sidehill gouger  Snallygaster  Splintercat  Squonk  Teakettler  Wampus cat

Cultural archetypes

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Miscellaneous

Terms

Fakelore  Folkhero  Frontier myth  Tall tales

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Location

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U.S. History

American Civil War  California Gold Rush  Klondike Gold Rush

Literature

Washington Irving  James Fenimore Cooper  Bret Harte  Herman Melville  Mark Twain  Jack London

Genre

Western (genre)  Northern (Genre) 

Persondata

NAME

William Frederick Cody

ALTERNATIVE NAMES

Buffalo Bill, Wild Bill

SHORT DESCRIPTION

frontiersman, showman

DATE OF BIRTH

February 26, 1846

PLACE OF BIRTH

near Le Claire, Iowa, United States

DATE OF DEATH

January 10, 1917

PLACE OF DEATH

Denver, Colorado, United States

Categories: American folklore | American hunters | American people of the Indian Wars | American pioneers | American Roman Catholics | American stage actors | American writers | Bison hunters | Civilian recipients of the Medal of Honor | Converts to Roman Catholicism | Deaths from renal failure | People from Omaha, Nebraska | History of Nebraska | International Circus Hall of Fame inductees | Irish Americans | Irish-Americans in the military | Irish-American writers | People from New York City | People from North Omaha, Nebraska | People from Park County, Wyoming | People from Scott County, Iowa | People from Staten Island | People of the Black Hills War | Union Army soldiers | Utah War | Wild west shows | 1846 births | 1917 deathsHidden categories: Articles with hCards
About the Author

I am a professional writer from China Crafts Suppliers, which contains a great deal of information about noodle pudding , mixed fruit jelly, welcome to visit!

Collapsible Water Bag Feed Bags Vinyl water bag, 2 gallon capacity with rope handle….

Canal Tow Path a Horse Photo Mugs An industrial narrow boat laden with coal is towed by a horse (encouraged with a feeding nosebag) on the tow path (entering a lock), Grand Union Canal, England…..

Troy-Bilt CS 4325 250cc Briggs & Stratton 1150 Series Gas-Powered 2-Way-Feed Chipper Shredder $816.00 Includes tow hitch for easy towing. 10in. x 4in. fully pneumatic rear wheels. A powerful 305cc Briggs & Stratton Intek OHV engine makes quick work of chipping and shredding branches, leaves and clippings. Feed material into the large, drop-in steel hopper or chipper chute and 12 steel flails and cast iron screen turn leaves, sticks and other light debris into fertilizing mulch and compost. 5-bushe…

Yard Machines 24A-452G700 205cc Briggs & Stratton 800 Series Gas-Powered Chipper Shredder $559.65 The Yard Machines 5.5-horsepower chipper shredder comes equipped with a 5.5-horsepower Briggs and Stratton engine, and features a 2-inch chipper capacity with a 10:1 reduction ratio. The unit also comes with a 3-way poly drop-down and rake-in hopper with a steel blade for added strength and durability. The chipper comes with a 2.5-bushel bag capacity for added convenience and is backed by a 2-year…

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Do You Know The Horses In Sea?

Do you know the horses in sea?

Most of us don’t know about seahorses since we all don’t have the opportunity to see seahorses. I am pretty sure that most of you have not seen a single seahorse up till now including me. I love to know about different living beings in this planet. So I did a small online research yesterday and also it is my pleasure to share my research with you.

Seahorse is almost a fish. It belongs to the pipefish family. There are more than 35 kinds of seahorses all over the world. We can see seahorses in different lengths. The giant seahorse is 1.5 in length. Some kinds of seahorses live in seaweeds or the plants in seas.

These innocent sea living beings are very vulnerable to the environment. As humans we must learn chastity from seahorses. A seahorse won’t find another girl friend or boy friend once its partner died. Seahorses have interesting love stories in their life. If one male seahorse falls in love with a female, it will change its colour just like the female seahorse’s colour. Females also do like this. But all seahorses are not doing like this. Sometimes they get severe diseases and even death due to this colour changes. A seahorse will not live more than 24 hours after the death of its partner. Sometimes if they can’t find a partner from the same species, they will look for a partner from a different species.

Here the male seahorses only get pregnancy. They have a small breeding bag or pouch in their skin. Females offer slight orange colour eggs into the males’ pouches. So the seahorse babies live inside and then finally they are living born. Most of the male seahorses die after the birth of seahorse babies. The reason would be that there will be dead ponies inside the pouch of males. It will cause bacteria infection.

The duration of pregnancy is almost 2-5 weeks. Some species of seahorses have long pregnancy durations.
Some times there will be false pregnancies as matching also occur between different species of seahorses.

Also these seahorses are used for business purposes. People import and export seahorses just like they import and export colour fishes, prawns and other sea living beings. The business people keep and manage special tanks for seahorses. They find that seahorses are very friendly with humans. Seahorses eat out of the person’s hand who feed for them without making any harms. When people do something inside the tanks, seahorses give a lovable touch to them.

If the traders do not handle it very carefully, it will lead to a total depletion of this race. People eat dry seahorses. Consumption of seahorses is very high in USA especially in North America. Countries such as Europe, Japan and USA import thousands of seahorses as pets.

Seahorses are heavily used in medical science. In China, Korea and Japan; the seahorses are used as ingredient of several medicines. Seahorses give huge relieves for the diseases such as asthma, arteriosclerosis and skin diseases. It can give a permanent relief for sexual dysfunction.

Most of the seahorse lovers buy rounded body seahorses because they are very easy to look after. The seahorses which have skin like mushrooms are very difficult to handle because they get illness very soon.

Traders usually do not put seahorses with agile fishes and other violent feeders in the tanks. Agile fishes are the foremost enemies of seahorses. Anyhow seahorses also have companion races. Trunk fishes, small pipe fishes and blennies are friendly with seahorses. They all can survive together without fighting for food and other reasoning.

Seahorses are wonderful food lovers. They want variety of foods just like us. They practice an unbalanced food strategy. They have several challenges in their life. Seahorses have the capacity to solve their problems themselves. But they are actually vulnerable to the bacterial infection. As we discussed in the above paragraphs, they get bacterial infection due to the pregnancy and death of ponies inside the pouch.

There are lots of interesting lessons that humans have to learn from seahorses’ life. I believe that this effort would give you at least a brief understanding and an interest about seahorses. Anyhow we should salute seahorses for their amazing chastity and their life style.

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how much feed does a horse have to eat before it will founder?

If my horses got into a fifty pound bag of feed and split it three ways is there a chance that they will founder, its 14 percent feed.
its not grain its pellets, and they ate it yesterday and they havent shown signs of colic. should I still call the vet?
they left like ten pounds of feed in the bag too

Well they’d be colicing by now. As for founder, it depends on how overweight the horses were in the first place. If you’re looking for something to “free feed” them, try ground alfalfa and molasses or ground oat hay and molasses. Both of these you can set in front of a horse and allow them to “free feed”. ANYTHING with a grain content can cause founder from overfeeding.

The Science of Animal Training & ABC’s of Horse Sense Book 5-Breeds of Light Horses American Horse Training Institute 1952 Paperback Very Good Stapled spine, 26 pages. Vol. 5 only….

Suggestions for teachers giving practical instruction to city boys in (a) care and handling of work horses (b) care, adjustment, and use of farm machinery … (Circular / Kansas State Council of Defense) …

Horse training by modern methods …

Bridleless reining /Horse training part 1

Dodge City Community College – Equine Science Program

The Dodge City Community College is a two year public community college that offers associate’s degrees in several many different areas of study. Dodge City Community College is located in Dodge City Kansas and offers different degrees in equine science.

The equine science program was developed in 1979 for students who are interested in vocational are recreational experiences with horses. The classes in the equine science program include horsemanship, breaking and training, breeding, stable management, and health and nutrition. Students are also able to participate in internships, showing, judging and several other activities.

There are different levels of horsemanship classes available for beginning riders all the way through advanced skill building classes. Classes are limited in size so that students can focus on more hands on activities. Horsemanship I (Beginning Horsemanship) is designed for the beginning or novice rider. Students who enroll in this class may have some riding experience or no experience at all. Students are taught the basics of horsemanship and safety. This program also offers intermediate horsemanship for riders that have more horsemanship experience. Students in this class should feel comfortable riding a large variety of different horses. The last horsemanship class that is offered is advanced horsemanship. This class is for students who have a great deal of previous horsemanship experience. These individuals have had extensive previous coaching and skill development in at least one aspect of horsemanship (like rodeo or showing) and are looking to further expand their horsemanship skills and knowledge.

Another class that is offered at Dodge City Community College is breaking and training. These classes are designed to aid students in training horses for their own enjoyment or as a career. Students who enroll in these classes should have, at a minimum, intermediate horsemanship skills. Students will have hands on learning experiences and will assist in training multiple horses at various levels of training.

Students who are interested in the breeding aspect of the equine industry can enroll in some of the many breeding classes that are offered. Breeding and foaling classes are offered either on campus or on farm activities in conjunction with internships. These classes are designed to educate students who want to breed their own horses or those students who want to have a vocational experience. The two techniques that are emphasized in this course are artificial insemination and cooled semen.

Students who are more interested in the business side of the equine industry can also take some of the stable management courses that are available. These classes have been developed to educate students in the business aspect of raising foals, training horses, accounting, marketing, business planning and organization, management skills, and insurance and liability.

Nutrition is one of the most important aspects of the equine industry. You must be able to properly feed and maintain your horse to maintain their health and give them the best opportunity to learn. The nutrition classes will teach students ration formulation as well as a theory of suitable feeds, diseases of feeding, and least cost analysis.

Students will also learn equine evaluation and selection. The best way for students to do this is by preparing and competing in judging events at shows such as the American Quarter Horse World Show, the National Reining Horse Futurity Show, and the Paint Horse World Show. Students will also be able to complete up to eighteen hours of credit by completing an internship during the spring or summer semesters. Some students will even be allowed to complete an internship during the American Quarter Horse World Show.

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Ron Petracek was raised in Southern Idaho with horses and the great outdoors. With this continued passion He now shares through a a vast equine network. Learn more by clicking the links below.
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I need a name for my stable!!?

I bought a horse property in March and have been in the process of fixing it up (what property doesn’t need fixing…) and I need a name for it so I can get my sign up! It is a small property on 10 acres with a 9 stall barn. It will be for training and lessons of the hunter/jumper variety. I would like the name to sound quaint and charming, like the property. The facility is located in Kansas and I am trying to stay away from anything with the word ‘Prairie’ in it, as everyone does that around here! Suggestions would be extremely appreciated.

Try using the street it’s on in the name. For example, if it was on Maple Street, it could be Maple Stable, Maple Equestrian Center, etc. Or if it has any special features, incorporate them. For example, if it’s on a hill (I’m sticking with the Maple theme, lol), Maple Hill Stable. Personally, I find it sound better and sticks in my mind better if it ends in “stable” than “equestrian center”, lol. Good luck with the new barn!

Candy As Mistress X Transvestite Dominatrix Sweet Dreams Are Made of This.

Bonny’s Big Day $6.82 What would inspire ornery old farmer John Skipton to enter his 20-year-old workhorse in a pet show? Why, love, of course. Mr. Skipton has worked hard all his life, so hard in fact that he never had time for marriage, children, or “pets.” He was always too busy tending the sheep and the cows or harvesting the fields and orchards. However, as old and gruff as he appears to be, he takes time ev…

Cross Country Training (Yorkshire Riding Centre) Helen Turnbull

HILLS ACQUAINTED WITH HAYDOCK SUCCESS

Odds of 1-5 suggested Acquainted was different class to her rivals in the Injured Jockeys Fund Maiden Stakes at Haydock and so it proved as she won by six lengths in the hands of trainer Barry Hills’ son, Michael.

Owner-breeder Gary Middlebrook said: “She is a nice filly. Depending on how well she ran Barry said he would like to run her in the Ribblesdale Stakes at Royal Ascot and hopefully she will go there now.

“She is not in the Oaks, but perhaps she may come back here for the Lancashire Oaks later on.”

Madam Macie ran out a most impressive winner in the Betdaq the Betting Exchange Handicap – and connections will now be scanning the programme book to find a race at Royal Ascot.

The 8-1 chance made all the running in the hands of Graham Gibbons and kept up the gallop in good style to beat 11-10 favourite Gene Autry by four and a half lengths.

A daughter of Bertolini, the winner is trained by James Hetherton for Kevin Everitt and Roger Fell, and the latter said: “She is different class to any of the others we have and it would be nice to go to Royal Ascot in our top hats and tails.

“We will have a good look if there is anything suitable for her there.”

Although Hetherton currently holds the licence at Fell’s stable just outside Helmsley in North Yorkshire, former jump jockey David O’Mera has applied to take over. Fell hopes the matter will be rubber-stamped early next month.

Richard Hughes rode his first winner for Dr Marwan Koukash when getting Visions of Johanna (5-2) home in front in the Classic Lodges Handicap.

Hawaana took up the running approaching the final quarter-mile but Hughes pounced inside the final furlong to get Visions of Johanna up by a neck.

Trainer Ian Williams said: “Visions of Johanna has been struggling to show his best so this was a great result – and it was fantastic to see a jockey have the ability and the confidence to take a pull with a furlong to run.

“It will have done the horse good to get his head in front.”

Richard Fahey reached his half-century for the season when Premier Clarets (2-1) landed the second division of the Sportech PLC Maiden Auction Stakes by two lengths with Paul Hanagan doing the steering.

Hanagan is riding at the very top of his form and he said: “I like this horse a lot and the massive thing about him is his temperament, he was just like an old hand down at the start.

However, Hanagan was suspended for two days for using his whip with excessive frequency.

Leyburn trainer John Weymes opened his juvenile account for 2010 when Minch Man just prevailed under a good ride from Andrew Elliott in the first division of the Sportech maiden.

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Dreams of being show jumper/cross county.?

I’ve had dreams of being a show jumper since i can remember, im 12. I go to a riding school, and progressing into the leaders group, but we dont do any jumps at all, well not high. I’m never going to be able to have my own horse living with my dad, but when i move out, i plan on being a vet, i have good grades and hope to earn enough money in time to own my own vet centre, but most of all, to buy and maintain a horse. What im asking is what i can do to even have any chance at all to become a showjumper. My best freind is getting a horse and she says i can train on that when she gets it in the summer, but whats the point?

I don’t live near there, but my advice is to keep looking, and looking, and looking. Take all the chances you get to be around horses, and eventually your dream will become a reality.

Faux Fur Flask in Gift Box w/ Funnel $42.34 A unique twist on the flask design! Faux fur in gorgeous, shimmering deep brown color….

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The Chronicles of Narnia (The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe / Prince Caspian & The Voyage of the Dawn Treader / The Silver Chair) $25.71 The Chronicles of Narnia, a seven-volume, Bible-based children’s fantasy series written in the 1950s by British theologian C.S. Lewis, draws young readers into the magical, dangerous land of Narnia and plunges them into the age-old battle of good and evil. Lewis envisioned these stories as pictures before he wrote them, so it seems only proper that the books would eventually make it to the sm…

Gift Card Holder – Outrageous 3D Gift Card Box – Horse with Santa Hat Why not purchase a gift card….hide it inside of a nice little box, and let that special person have some fun this year picking out a gift just for themselves! Using this small box to hide a gift card in really makes wrapping your gift so much more attractive than putting it inside of a flat greeting card or a plain white envelope……………………………………………………………

Horse Jewelry – Equestrian Jewelry

Father, Give You My Pearls

The cheerful little girl with bouncy golden curls was almost five. Waiting with her mother at the checkout stand, she saw them, a circle of glistening white pearls in a pink foil box. “Oh mommy please, Mommy. Can I have them? Please, Mommy, please?” Quickly the mother checked the back of the little foil box and then looked back into the pleading blue eyes of her little girl’s upturned face. “A dollar ninety-five, that’s almost $2.00. If you really want them, I’ll think of some extra chores for you and in no time you can save enough money to buy them for yourself. Your birthday’s only a week away and you might get another crisp dollar bill from Grandma. “As soon as Jenny got home, she emptied her penny bank and counted out 17 pennies. After dinner, she did more than her share of chores and she went to the neighbor and asked Mrs. James if she could pick dandelions for ten cents. On her birthday, Grandma did give her another new dollar bill and at last she had enough money to buy the necklace.

Jenny loved her pearls. They made her feel dressed up and grown up. She wore them everywhere, Sunday school, kindergarten, even to bed. The only time she took them off was when she went swimming or had a bubble bath. Mother said if they got wet, they might turn her neck green. Jenny had a very loving daddy and every night when she was ready for bed, he would stop whatever he was doing and come upstairs to read her a story.

One night as he finished the story, he asked Jenny, “Do you love me?”

“Oh yes, daddy. You know that I love you.” “Then give me your pearls.”

“Oh, daddy, not my pearls. But you can have Princess, the white horse from my collection, the one with the pink tail. Remember, daddy? The one you gave me. She’s my very favorite.”

“That’s okay, Honey, daddy loves you. Good night.”

And he brushed her cheek with a kiss.

About a week later, after the story time, Jenny’s daddy asked again, “Do you love me?”

“Daddy, you know I love you.”

“Then give me your pearls.”

“Oh Daddy, not my pearls. But you can have my baby doll. The brand new one I got for my birthday. She is beautiful and you can have the yellow blanket that matches her sleeper.” “That’s okay. Sleep well. God bless you, little one. Daddy loves you.” And as always, he brushed her cheek with a gentle kiss.

A few nights later when her daddy came in, Jenny was sitting on her bed with her legs crossed Indian style. As he came close, he noticed her chin was trembling and one silent tear rolled down her cheek. “What is it, Jenny? What’s the matter?” Jenny didn’t say anything but lifted her little hand up to her daddy. And when she opened it, there was her little pearl necklace. With a little quiver, she finally said, “Here, daddy; this is for you.” With tears gathering in his own eyes, Jenny’s daddy reached out with one hand to take the dime store necklace, and with the other hand he reached into his pocket and pulled out a blue velvet case with a strand of genuine pearls and gave them to Jenny. He had them all the time. He was just waiting for her to give up the dime-store stuff so he could give her the genuine treasure.

So it is, with our Heavenly Father. He is waiting for us to give up the cheap things in our lives so that he can give us beautiful treasures. Isn’t God good? Are you holding onto things that God wants you to let go of? Are you holding on to harmful or unnecessary partners, relationships, habits and activities that you have come so attached to that it seems impossible to let go?

Sometimes it is so hard to see what is in the other hand but do believe this one thing. God will never take away something without giving you something better in its place. The greatest gifts happen when you share love & touch others. NOT to DECIDE is to DECIDE.

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my girlfriend has a jewelry box w/honi pense&dieuet mondroit and crest w/a horse & lion&4legsw/lions on each?

we would like to know its value(silver jewelry box)

This probably isn’t the place to find that out. Try posting under a more appropriate category, or take it to an antiques dealer. Good Luck!!